Critical internet-wide mitigations 

Priority	Mitigation	Key Players
1	RPKI/BGPsec	ISPs, ICANN, Governments
2	QUIC/HTTP3	Google, Cloudflare, Mozilla
3	Post-Quantum TLS	NIST, Cloudflare, AWS
4	IoT Security Labels	EU, FCC, Device Manufacturers
5	DDoS Filtering (BCP38)	Tier-1 ISPs (e.g., Lumen, NTT)

Universal adoption of RPKI & BGPsec 

Problem: BGP hijacking still exploits weak origin validation.

Solution:

Mandate RPKI (Route Origin Authorizations) for all ISPs.
Deploy BGPsec for full path validation (beyond just origin checks).
Policy push: Governments/ICANN should enforce compliance.

QUIC/HTTP3 Encryption by default 

Problem: ISPs/attackers sniff unencrypted DNS/HTTP traffic.

Solution:

Deprecate plaintext protocols (HTTP, DNS-over-UDP).
Enforce DoH (DNS-over-HTTPS) & DoT (DNS-over-TLS).
Browser-level enforcement: Chrome/Firefox should block HTTP/1.1.

Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) migration 

Problem: Quantum computers will break RSA/ECC encryption.

Solution:

Adopt NIST-standardized PQC algorithms (e.g., CRYSTALS-Kyber, Dilithium).
Hybrid certificates (e.g., Cloudflare’s “Post-Quantum TLS”).
Protocol upgrades: TLS 1.3 + PQC key exchange.

Mandatory DDoS mitigation for all networks 

Problem: Volumetric attacks cripple unprotected networks.

Solution:

Network-level filtering: BCP38 (anti-spoofing) compliance.
Anycast scrubbing centers (e.g., Cloudflare, Akamai).
ISP collaboration: Real-time attack blackholing.

IoT security standards 

Problem: Default credentials, no updates, botnet recruitment.

Solution:

Legally mandated security labels (like EU’s Cyber Resilience Act).
VLAN isolation + MAC filtering for IoT devices.
Automated CVE patching (e.g., Microsoft’s Azure Sphere model).

Decentralized identity (Beyond certificates)

Problem: Centralized CAs are single points of failure.

Solution:

Web3 DID (Decentralized Identifiers) + VCs (Verifiable Credentials).
Blockchain-anchered PKI (e.g., Ethereum ENS + SSL).

AI-Powered threat detection 

Problem: Human analysts can’t keep up with 0-day exploits.

Solution:

Network-wide anomaly detection (e.g., Darktrace, CrowdStrike).
Automated patch deployment (e.g., GitGuardian for secrets).

Global Cyber warfare treaties 

Problem: Nation-state attacks (e.g., SolarWinds, NotPetya).

Solution:

Geneva Convention for cyberspace (ban critical infrastructure attacks).
Attribution transparency: UN-backed forensic teams.

Privacy-Enhancing technologies (PETs)

Problem: Mass surveillance & metadata leaks.

Solution:

Oblivious DNS (ODoH) → Hide DNS queries from ISPs.
SNI Encryption (e.g., ECH in TLS 1.3).
Mandatory Tor/I2P support for sensitive services.

Ethical hacktivism legalisation 

Problem: Bug bounty programs are reactive, not proactive.

Solution:

“Right to Repair” for cybersecurity: Allow reverse-engineering.
Safe harbor laws for white-hat hackers.

Why these mitigations matter 

Without RPKI: BGP hijacks will keep stealing cryptocurrency/traffic.
Without PQC: Quantum computers will decrypt all historic TLS traffic.
Without IoT Laws: Botnets will grow (Mirai 2.0).